◙ (pl. roofs) 1. the structure forming the upper covering of a building or vehicle • （建筑物，车）顶，顶部；屋顶；顶盖 the top inner surface of a covered area or space; the ceiling • 天花板；车顶；洞顶；穹顶 »the roof of the cave fell in. 洞顶坍了。 the upper limit or level of prices or wages • （价格，工资）最高限度，上限 »starting salary £12,185, rising to a roof of £16,835. 起薪12,185英镑，上限16,835英镑。 used to signify a house or other building, especially in the context of hospitality or shelter • 房屋；住处；家；栖身处 »helping those without a roof over their heads. 帮助那些无栖身之处的人。 »they slept under the same roof. 他们睡在同一屋檐下。 ◙ verb 1. [with obj.] [一般作 be roofed] cover with a roof • 给…盖上屋顶 »the yard had been roughly roofed over with corrugated iron. 院子将就地盖上了瓦楞铁屋顶。 function as the roof of • 起屋顶作用；覆遮，遮蔽 »fan vaults roof these magnificent buildings. 这些宏伟的建筑的屋顶是扇形的穹顶。
【IDIOMS】
◘ go through the roof [informal 非正式] 1. (of prices or figures) reach extreme or unexpected heights • （价格，数目）涨到最高限度；高得离谱；突破上限 2. another way of saying hit the roof • 同hit the roof ◘ hit (或 go through) the roof 1. [informal] suddenly become very angry • [非正式] 勃然大怒；暴跳如雷 ◘ raise the roof --› seeraise ◘ the roof of the world 1. a nickname given to the Himalayas • 世界屋脊（喜马拉雅山的别称）
【派生】
♦ roofless adjective
【语源】
1. Old English hrōf, of Germanic origin; related to Old Norse hróf 'boat shed', Dutch roef 'deckhouse'. English alone has the general sense 'covering of a house'; other Germanic languages use forms related to thatch