◙ adjective 1. not easily bent or changed in shape;rigid • 不易弯曲的；硬的 »a stiff black collar. 一个硬黑领。 »stiff cardboard. 硬纸板。 not moving as freely as is usual or desirable; difficult to turn or operate • 不灵活的，难活动的；难转向的，难转动的 »a stiff drawer. 难以拉开的抽屉。 »the shower tap is a little stiff. 淋浴的水龙头有点不太灵活。 (of a person or part of the body) unable to move easily and without pain • （人或身体某部位）僵直的，僵硬的 »he was stiff from sitting on the desk. 由于坐在桌子上，他身体有点僵硬。 »a stiff back. 僵直的后背。 (of a person or their manner) not relaxed or friendly;constrained • （人或其态度）拘谨的，局促的，不自然的；傲慢的 »she greeted him with stiff politeness. 她拘谨地向他有礼貌地打招呼。 2. severe or strong • 严格的，严重的；严厉的 »they face stiff fines and a possible jail sentence. 他们面临着很重的罚款和可能坐牢的处罚。 »a stiff increase in taxes. 税收的飞涨。 (of a wind) blowing strongly • （风）强烈的，强有力的 »a stiff breeze stirring the lake. 搅动湖水的一阵强风。 requiring strength or effort;difficult • 费劲的，艰难的；困难的 »a long stiff climb up the bare hillside. 爬那光秃秃的山坡是一段很长的艰难攀登。 (of an alcoholic drink) strong • （酒）浓的，烈性的 »a stiff measure of brandy. 一杯很浓的白兰地。 3. [predic.] (stiff with)[informal] full of • [非正式] 充满，布满 »the place is stiff with alarm systems. 那地方布满了警报系统。 4. (— stiff)[informal] having a specified unpleasant feeling to an extreme extent • [非正式] （不好的感觉）十分，极其 »she was scared stiff. 她极其害怕。 »I was bored stiff with my project. 我对我的计划极为厌烦。 ◙ noun, [informal] [非正式] 1. a dead body • 死尸 2. (chiefly N. Amer.)a boring, conventional person • [主北美] 令人讨厌的人，因循守旧的人 »ordinary working stiffs in respectable offices. 在体面办公室里工作的普通而且因循守旧的人。 3. (the stiffs)[Brit.] a sports club's reserve team • [英] （体育俱乐部的）后备队，候补队 ◙ verb, [with obj.] [informal] [非正式] 1. [常作 be stiffed] [N. Amer.] cheat (someone) out of something, especially money • [北美] 欺骗，欺诈 fail to leave (someone) a tip • 不给…小费 2. [N. Amer.] ignore deliberately;snub • [北美] 冷落，怠慢 3. kill • 杀死 »I want to get those pigs who stiffed your doctor. 我想捉到咬死你的医生的那些猪。 [no obj.] be unsuccessful • 失败，不成功 »as soon as he began singing about the wife and kids, his albums stiffed. 他一开始歌唱他的妻子和孩子，他的唱片就不灵了。
【IDIOMS】
◘ stiff as a board 1. [informal] (of a person or part of the body) extremely stiff • [非正式] （人或身体某部位）非常僵硬的 ◘ a stiff upper lip 1. a quality of uncomplaining stoicism • 坚定沉着，感情不外露，坚忍 »senior managers had to keep a stiff upper lip and remain optimistic. 高级经理们要能够坚定沉着，始终保持乐观。