◙ verb 1. authoritatively or urgently call on (someone) to be present, especially as a defendant or witness in a law court • 传召（尤指法庭传唤被告或证人） »the pope summoned Anselm to Rome. 教皇将安塞姆召到罗马。 urgently demand (help) • 迫切地要求（帮助） »she summoned medical assistance. 她急切地要求得到医疗帮助。 call people to attend (a meeting) • 召集（会议） »he summoned a meeting of head delegates. 他召集了一次首席代表会议。 2. bring to the surface (a particular quality or reaction) from within oneself • 鼓起，露出 »she managed to summon up a smile. 她努力现出一丝微笑。 (summon something up)call an image to mind • 使浮现，使想起 »names that summon up images of far-off places. 让人想起那些遥远地方景象的名字。
【派生】
♦ summonable adjective ♦ summoner noun
【语源】
1. Middle English: from Old French somondre, from Latin summonere 'give a hint', later 'call, summon', from sub- 'secretly' + monere 'warn'