◙ noun 1. [mass noun] moisture exuded through the pores of the skin, typically in profuse quantities as a reaction to heat, physical exertion, fever, or fear • 汗，汗水 [count noun] an instance of exuding moisture in this way over a period of time • 出汗 »even thinking about him made me break out in a sweat. 甚至一想到他都会让我出一身冷汗。 »we'd all worked up a sweat in spite of the cold. 尽管天很冷，但我们还是练出了一身汗。 [count noun] [informal] a state of flustered anxiety or distress • [非正式] 焦急；痛苦 »I don't believe he'd get into such a sweat about a girl. 我不相信他会为一个女孩子这么焦躁不安。 [informal] hard work;effort • [非正式] 费力的事；努力 »computer graphics take a lot of the sweat out of animation. 计算机图形使动画变得容易多了。 [in sing.] [informal] a laborious task or undertaking • [非正式] 苦活 »helping to run the meeting was a bit of a sweat. 帮助操办这个会议真是个苦差事。 2. (sweats)(chiefly N. Amer.). informal term for sweatsuit or sweatpants • [主北美，非正式] 同 sweatsuit 或 sweatpants [as modifier] denoting loose casual garments made of thick, fleecy cotton • （用羊毛似的厚棉布做的）宽松休闲服装 »sweat tops and bottoms. 仿羊毛上衣和裤子。 ◙ (past and past participle sweated 或美 sweat) 1. [no obj.] exude sweat • 出汗 »he was sweating profusely. 他汗如雨下。 [with obj.] (sweat something out/off)get rid of (something) from the body by exuding sweat • 通过排汗排除 »a well-hydrated body sweats out waste products more efficiently. 水分充足的躯体能更有效地通过排汗排出废物。 [with obj.] cause (a person or animal) to exude sweat by exercise or exertion • （通过运动或费力）使（人，动物）出汗 »cold as it was, the climb had sweated him. 尽管天冷，但爬山仍然使他出了汗。 (of food or an object) ooze or exude beads of moisture on to its surface • （食品，物体）渗出水分 »cheese stored at room temperature will quickly begin to sweat. 奶酪在室温下储存很快就会向外渗水的。 (of a person) exert a great deal of strenuous effort • （人）拼命干 »I've sweated over this for six months. 为这件事我已经拼命干了６个月了。 (of a person) be or remain in a state of extreme anxiety, typically for a prolonged period • （人）（多指长时间的）处于极度焦虑中 »I let her sweat for a while, then I asked her out again. 我先让她焦虑了一阵，然后再一次约她出来。 [with obj.] [US] [informal] worry about (something) • [美，非正式] 担心 »he's not going to have a lot of time to sweat the details. 他不会有太多时间去担心这些细节问题的。 2. [with obj.] heat (chopped vegetables) slowly in a pan with a small amount of fat, so that they cook in their own juices • 慢火加少许油在锅里煮（切好的蔬菜） »sweat the celery and onions with olive oil and seasoning. 用橄榄油和调料慢煮芹菜和洋葱。 [no obj.] (of chopped vegetables) be cooked in this way • （切好的蔬菜）加少许油慢火煮 »let the chopped onion sweat gently for five minutes. 把切好的洋葱用慢火煮5分钟。 3. [with obj. and adverbial] subject (metal) to surface melting, especially to fasten or join by solder without a soldering iron • 熔焊（金属） »the tyre is sweated on to the wooden parts. 轮胎被熔焊在木部件上。
【IDIOMS】
◘ break sweat (或美 1. [informal] exert oneself physically • [非正式] 累得筋疲力尽 ◘ by the sweat of one's brow 1. by one's own hard work, typically manual labour • 靠自己辛苦劳动（多指体力劳动） ◘ don't sweat it 1. [US informal] used to urge someone not to worry • [美，非正式] 别担心 ◘ no sweat 1. [informal] used to convey that one perceives no difficulty or problem with something • [非正式] 一点都不困难；不必担心 »‘We haven't any decaf, I'm afraid.’ ‘No sweat.’. “恐怕我们没有脱咖啡因的咖啡了。”“不用担心。”。 ◘ sweat blood 1. [informal] make an extraordinarily strenuous effort to do something • [非正式] 累死累活地干 »she's sweated blood to support her family. 她为了养家拼命工作。 be extremely anxious • 极度焦虑 »we've been sweating blood over the question of what is right. 我们一直都在就什么是对的这个问题感到极度焦虑。 ◘ sweat buckets 1. [informal] sweat profusely • [非正式] 汗如雨下 ◘ sweat bullets 1. [N. Amer. informal] be extremely anxious or nervous • [北美，非正式] 非常焦虑（或担心） ◘ sweat it out 1. [informal] endure an unpleasant experience, typically one involving physical exertion in great heat • [非正式] 忍受（痛苦的经历，多指在炎热的环境中进行的重体力劳动） »about 1,500 runners are expected to sweat it out in this year's run. 预计大约会有1,500名赛跑者将在今年的比赛中艰苦拼搏。 wait in a state of extreme anxiety for something to happen or be resolved • 焦急地等待（事情的发生或解决） »he sweated it out until the lab report was back. 他焦急地一直等到实验室的报告出来。 ◘ sweat the small stuff 1. [US informal] worry about trivial things • [美，非正式] 为小事担心
【语源】
1. Old English swāt (noun), swǽtan (verb), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch zweet and German Schweiss, from an Indo-European root shared by Latin sudor